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  2. Windows Display Driver Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Display_Driver_Model

    WDDM drivers allow video memory to be virtualized, [6] and video data to be paged out of video memory into system RAM. In case the video memory available turns out to be insufficient to store all the video data and textures, currently unused data is moved out to system RAM or to the disk. When the swapped out data is needed, it is fetched back.

  3. Dynamic video memory technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_video_memory...

    The amount of video memory is dependent upon the amount of pre-allocated video memory plus DVMT allocation. DVMT, as its name implies, dynamically allocates system memory for use as video memory to ensure more available resources for 2D/3D graphics performance, e.g. for graphically demanding games.

  4. VGA text mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VGA_text_mode

    Each screen character is represented by two bytes aligned as a 16-bit word accessible by the CPU in a single operation. The lower (or character) byte is the actual code point for the current character set, and the higher (or attribute) byte is a bit field used to select various video attributes such as color, blinking, character set, and so forth. [6]

  5. Video random-access memory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_random-access_memory

    Video random-access memory (VRAM) is dedicated computer memory used to store the pixels and other graphics data as a framebuffer to be rendered on a computer monitor. [1] It often uses a different technology than other computer memory, in order to be read quickly for display on a screen.

  6. Framebuffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framebuffer

    Many systems attempt to emulate the function of a framebuffer device, often for reasons of compatibility. The two most common virtual framebuffers are the Linux framebuffer device (fbdev) and the X Virtual Framebuffer . Xvfb was added to the X Window System distribution to provide a method for running X without a graphical framebuffer. The ...

  7. Video Graphics Array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array

    VGA section on the motherboard in IBM PS/55. The color palette random access memory (RAM) and its corresponding digital-to-analog converter (DAC) were integrated into one chip (the RAMDAC) and the cathode-ray tube controller was integrated into a main VGA chip, which eliminated several other chips in previous graphics adapters, so VGA only additionally required external video RAM and timing ...

  8. Memory management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_management

    Memory management (also dynamic memory management, dynamic storage allocation, or dynamic memory allocation) is a form of resource management applied to computer memory.The essential requirement of memory management is to provide ways to dynamically allocate portions of memory to programs at their request, and free it for reuse when no longer needed.

  9. Segmentation fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_fault

    Determining the root cause – debugging the bug – can be simple in some cases, where the program will consistently cause a segmentation fault (e.g., dereferencing a null pointer), while in other cases the bug can be difficult to reproduce and depend on memory allocation on each run (e.g., dereferencing a dangling pointer).