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The American War-Dog, a 1916 political cartoon by Oscar Cesare, with the dog named "Jingo". Jingoism is nationalism in the form of aggressive and proactive foreign policy, such as a country's advocacy for the use of threats or actual force, as opposed to peaceful relations, in efforts to safeguard what it perceives as its national interests. [1]
Its plural in English is "vatniks", or less commonly, "vata", via a direct transliteration of the Russian collective ва́та. Vyshyvatnik (Russian: вышиватник, romanized: vyshivatnik) is an equivalent insult for an overly patriotic Ukrainian, and is a blend of "vatnik" and vyshyvanka, a traditional type of Ukrainian embroidered shirt.
Jingoism, aggressive nationalism; Empress Jingū (also Jingū or Jingō), a legendary empress of Japan; Jingo, from the Discworld series "Jin-go-lo-ba" or "Jingo", a 1959 song by Babatunde Olatunji, covered by multiple artists; Jingo, Kansas, a community in the United States; Jingo, West Virginia, an unincorporated community in the United States
Hu Shih proclaimed that "a dead language cannot produce a living literature." [ 29 ] In theory, the new format allowed people with little education to read texts, articles and books. He charged that Literary Chinese was understood by only scholars and officials (ironically, the new vernacular included many foreign words and Japanese neologisms ...
[2] [4] [8] This French quality finds its parallel in the English-language term jingoism, which has retained the meaning of chauvinism strictly in its original sense; that is, an attitude of belligerent nationalism. [8] [9] [10] In 1945, political theorist Hannah Arendt described the concept thus:
The OED attests the first appearance in 1694, in an English edition of the works of François Rabelais as a translation for the French par Dieu! ("by God!"). The full expression is "By the living Jingo", substituting for the phrase "By the living God" (referring to the Christian belief that Jesus Christ rose from the dead).
The character of Taras Bulba, the main hero of this novel, is a composite of several historical personalities. It might be based on the real family history of an ancestor of Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay, Cossack Ataman Okhrim Makukha from Starodub, who killed his son Nazar for switching to the Polish side during the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
The word was coined in 1887 to translate the concept of Subjekt in German philosophy (subject, meaning "the entity perceiving or acting upon an object or environment") into Japanese. The word migrated to the Korean language at around the turn of the century and retained this meaning. [ 5 ]