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Rigvedic geography. Identification of Rigvedic hydronyms has engaged multiple historians; it is the single most important way of establishing the geography and chronology of the early Vedic period. [1][2] Rivers with certain identifications stretch from eastern Afghanistan to the western Gangetic plain, clustering in the Punjab.
3. Braj Basi Lal(2 May 1921 – 10 September 2022) was an Indian writer and archaeologist.[1] He was the Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India(ASI) from 1968 to 1972 and has served as Director of the Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla. Lal also served on various UNESCOcommittees.
The Rigveda or Rig Veda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद, IAST: ṛgveda, from ऋच्, "praise" [2] and वेद, "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (sūktas). It is one of the four sacred canonical Hindu texts (śruti) known as the Vedas. [3][4] Only one Shakha of the many survive today, namely the Śakalya ...
It played an important role in the Vedic religion, appearing in all but the fourth book of the Rigveda. As a physical river in the oldest texts of the Rigveda, it is described as a "great and holy river in north-western India," [2] but in the middle and late Rigvedic books, it is described as a small river ending in "a terminal lake ."
Sarasvati, goddess of Sarasvati River 3; Parjanya 3; Vac, a form of Sarasvati 2 (mentioned 130 times, venered in 10.125) Vastospati 2; Vishvakarman 2; Manyu 2; Grey Patridge, a form of Indra 2; Minor deities (one single or no dedicated hymn) Chitragupta, a son of Brahma and Sarasvati mentioned Rig Veda Book 8, Hymn 21, Stanza 18; Manas, a god ...
The Jhelum River[ a ] is a river in the northern Indian subcontinent. It originates at Verinag and flows through the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir, into Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, then the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is the westernmost of the five rivers of the Punjab region, and flows through the Kashmir Valley.
The Ghaggar-Hakra River is an intermittent river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon season. The river is known as Ghaggar before the Ottu barrage at 29°29′15″N74°53′33″E29.4875°N 74.8925°E, and as Hakra downstream of the barrage in the Thar Desert. [ 3 ][ 4 ] In pre-Harappan times the Ghaggar was a tributary of ...
The geography of the Rigveda seems to be centered on the land of the seven rivers. While the geography of the Rigvedic rivers is unclear in some of the early books of the Rigveda, the Nadistuti sukta is an important source for the geography of late Rigvedic society. The Sarasvati River is one of the chief Rigvedic rivers.