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The C band is a designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies ranging from 4.0 to 8.0 gigahertz (GHz). [ 1 ] However, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission C band proceeding and auction, designated 3.7–4.2 GHz as C band. [ 2 ]
Television receive-only (TVRO) is a term used chiefly in North America, South America to refer to the reception of satellite television from FSS -type satellites, generally on C-band analog; free-to-air and unconnected to a commercial DBS provider. TVRO was the main means of consumer satellite reception in the United States and Canada until the ...
Hybrid C/K u-band satellite 2008-11-19 121.0°W: Galaxy-23: FS-1300: United States Intelsat: Direct Broadcasting North America: 7 August 2003: Hybrid C/K u /K a-band satellite; C band payload referred to as Galaxy-23 2008-11-26 EchoStar-9: FS-1300: United States Echostar/DISH Network: Direct Broadcasting North America: 7 August 2003
The first satellite television dishes were built to receive signals on the C-band analog, and were very large. The front cover of the 1979 Neiman-Marcus Christmas catalog featured the first home satellite TV stations on sale. [2] The dishes were nearly 20 feet (6.1 m) in diameter. [3]
In November 1990, Primestar launched as the first North American direct-broadcast satellite service. Hughes's DirecTV, the first national high-powered upper K u -band satellite TV system, went online in 1994. The DirecTV system became the new delivery vehicle for USSB. In 1996, EchoStar 's Dish Network went online in the United States and has ...
A block upconverter (BUC) is used in the transmission (uplink) of satellite signals. It converts a band of frequencies from a lower frequency to a higher frequency. Modern BUCs convert from the L band to K u band, C band and K a band. Older BUCs convert from a 70 MHz intermediate frequency (IF) to K u band or C band.
Satellite description. Eutelsat 8 West B is a 5,782 kg (12,747 lb) satellite with a design life of 15 years. It is equipped with an S400-12 apogee motor which was used for initial orbit-raising manoeuvres and an S10-18 engine for station keeping burns. [1] The spacecraft has 10 C-band and 40 Ku-band transponders. [2]
AMC-4. AMC-4 (formerly GE-4) is a commercial broadcast communications satellite owned by SES World Skies, part of SES (and formerly GE Americom, then SES Americom ). Launched in 1999, from Centre Spatial Guyanais, ELA-2 by Ariane 44LP H10-3. It provides coverage to North America, Latin America, Caribbean. Located in a geostationary orbit, AMC-4 ...