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In November 1990, Primestar launched as the first North American direct-broadcast satellite service. Hughes's DirecTV, the first national high-powered upper K u -band satellite TV system, went online in 1994. The DirecTV system became the new delivery vehicle for USSB. In 1996, EchoStar 's Dish Network went online in the United States and has ...
The C band is a designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies ranging from 4.0 to 8.0 gigahertz (GHz). [ 1 ] However, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission C band proceeding and auction, designated 3.7–4.2 GHz as C band. [ 2 ]
Hybrid C/K u-band satellite 2008-11-19 121.0°W: Galaxy-23: FS-1300: United States Intelsat: Direct Broadcasting North America: 7 August 2003: Hybrid C/K u /K a-band satellite; C band payload referred to as Galaxy-23 2008-11-26 EchoStar-9: FS-1300: United States Echostar/DISH Network: Direct Broadcasting North America: 7 August 2003
Typical transponders each have a bandwidth between 27 and 50 MHz. Each geostationary C-band satellite needs to be spaced 2° longitude from the next satellite to avoid interference; for K u the spacing can be 1°. This means that there is an upper limit of 360/2 = 180 geostationary C-band satellites or 360/1 = 360 geostationary K u-band satellites.
In Brazil the main FTA satellite is the Star One D2, it holds approximately C-band analog channels (1985-2024), including all major networks like TV Globo (feed nacional digital HDTV), SBT (feed nacional digital HDTV), Record (feed nacional digital HDTV), RedeTV!, Band (feed nacional digital HDTV), Cultura, Futura (feed nacional digital HDTV ...
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth. Communications satellites are used for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military ...
Television receive-only (TVRO) is a term used chiefly in North America, South America to refer to the reception of satellite television from FSS -type satellites, generally on C-band analog; free-to-air and unconnected to a commercial DBS provider. TVRO was the main means of consumer satellite reception in the United States and Canada until the ...
Astra 19.2°E. The Astra brand logo. Astra 19.2°E is the name for the group of Astra communications satellites co-located at the 19.2°East orbital position in the Clarke Belt that are owned and operated by SES based in Betzdorf, Luxembourg. Astra 19.2°E used to be commonly known as Astra 1, as it was the first orbital position used by Astra ...