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  2. Varignon's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varignon's_theorem

    From the first proof, one can see that the sum of the diagonals is equal to the perimeter of the parallelogram formed. Also, we can use vectors 1/2 the length of each side to first determine the area of the quadrilateral, and then to find areas of the four triangles divided by each side of the inner parallelogram.

  3. Pappus's area theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappus's_area_theorem

    dark grey area = light grey area. Pappus's area theorem describes the relationship between the areas of three parallelograms attached to three sides of an arbitrary triangle. The theorem, which can also be thought of as a generalization of the Pythagorean theorem, is named after the Greek mathematician Pappus of Alexandria (4th century AD), who ...

  4. Parallelogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram

    The area of the parallelogram is the area of the blue region, which is the interior of the parallelogram. The base × height area formula can also be derived using the figure to the right. The area K of the parallelogram to the right (the blue area) is the total area of the rectangle less the area of the two orange triangles. The area of the ...

  5. Cross product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_product

    Figure 1. The area of a parallelogram as the magnitude of a cross product Figure 2. Three vectors defining a parallelepiped. ... Proof by substitution.

  6. Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem

    green area = blue area Construction for proof of parallelogram generalization. Pappus's area theorem is a further generalization, that applies to triangles that are not right triangles, using parallelograms on the three sides in place of squares (squares are a special case, of course). The upper figure shows that for a scalene triangle, the ...

  7. Determinant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinant

    The area of the parallelogram is the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix formed by the vectors representing the parallelogram's sides. ... Proof of identity.

  8. Viviani's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viviani's_theorem

    Viviani's theorem, named after Vincenzo Viviani, states that the sum of the shortest distances from any interior point to the sides of an equilateral triangle equals the length of the triangle's altitude. [1] It is a theorem commonly employed in various math competitions, secondary school mathematics examinations, and has wide applicability to ...

  9. Law of cosines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_cosines

    if γ is obtuse, and so cos γ is negative, then −ab cos γ is the area of the parallelogram with sides a and b forming an angle of γ′ = γ − ⁠ π / 2 ⁠. Acute case. Figure 7a shows a heptagon cut into smaller pieces (in two different ways) to yield a proof of the law of cosines. The various pieces are