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The closest pair of points problem or closest pair problem is a problem of computational geometry: given points in metric space, find a pair of points with the smallest distance between them. The closest pair problem for points in the Euclidean plane [ 1 ] was among the first geometric problems that were treated at the origins of the systematic ...
A unit distance graph with 16 vertices and 40 edges. In mathematics, particularly geometric graph theory, a unit distance graph is a graph formed from a collection of points in the Euclidean plane by connecting two points whenever the distance between them is exactly one.
Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects.. A subset of these problems stated in terms of points only are sometimes referred to as closest point problems, [1] although the term "closest point problem" is also used synonymously to the nearest neighbor search.
The distance (or perpendicular distance) from a point to a line is the shortest distance from a fixed point to any point on a fixed infinite line in Euclidean geometry. It is the length of the line segment which joins the point to the line and is perpendicular to the line. The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways.
Shortest path (A, C, E, D, F), blue, between vertices A and F in the weighted directed graph. In graph theory, the shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized.
Let be a metric space with distance function .Let be a set of indices and let () be a tuple (indexed collection) of nonempty subsets (the sites) in the space .The Voronoi cell, or Voronoi region, , associated with the site is the set of all points in whose distance to is not greater than their distance to the other sites , where is any index different from .
The latter may occur even if the distance in the other direction between the same two vertices is defined. In the mathematical field of graph theory, the distance between two vertices in a graph is the number of edges in a shortest path (also called a graph geodesic) connecting them. This is also known as the geodesic distance or shortest-path ...
The formula for the closest point to the origin may be expressed more succinctly using notation from linear algebra.The expression + + in the definition of a plane is a dot product (,,) (,,), and the expression + + appearing in the solution is the squared norm | (,,) |.