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Alcohol use is a major cause of preventable liver disease worldwide, and alcoholic liver disease is the main alcohol-related chronic medical illness. [6] Millions of people of all ages, from adolescents to the elderly, engage in unhealthy drinking. [7] In the United States, excessive alcohol use costs more than $249 billion annually. [8]
However, with proper treatment, including cessation of alcohol consumption and management of heart failure symptoms, the prognosis can improve significantly. [ 10 ] Research has shown that the mortality rate for people with ACM is higher than that of the general population, with a five-year survival rate of around 50%. [ 10 ]
Severe cognitive problems are common; approximately 10% of all dementia cases are related to alcohol consumption, making it the second leading cause of dementia. [52] Excessive alcohol use causes damage to brain function, and psychological health can be increasingly affected over time. [53]
The general cause of this disease appears to be prolonged and heavy consumption of alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency. However, there is ongoing debate over the active mechanisms, [ 6 ] [ 7 ] including whether the main cause is the direct toxic effect of alcohol itself or whether the disease is a result of alcoholism-related ...
Excessive alcohol consumption is responsible for an average of 80,000 deaths in the U.S. each year 1 and $223.5 billion in economic costs in 2006. 2 More than half of these deaths and three-quarters of the economic costs are due to binge drinking 1 and 2 (≥4 drinks for women; ≥5 drinks for men, per occasion).
Alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) is a specific group of symptoms and metabolic state related to alcohol use. [3] Symptoms often include abdominal pain, vomiting, agitation, a fast respiratory rate, and a specific "fruity" smell. [2] Consciousness is generally normal. [1] Complications may include sudden death. [1]
NAFLD was defined by the presence of excess fat in the liver that cannot be explained by another factor, such as excessive alcohol use (>21 standard drinks/week for men and >14 for women in the USA; >30 g daily for men and >20 g for women in UK and EU, >140 g/week for men and >70 g/week for women in Asia-Pacific), liver injury caused by drugs ...
Alcohol dependence is a previous (DSM-IV and ICD-10) psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also chemically known as ethanol). In 2013, it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder in DSM-5 , [ 1 ] which combined alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse into this diagnosis.