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Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon hematological malignancy characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes. [1] The incidence of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is 0.28-0.30 cases per 100,000 people in Europe and the United States and the prevalence is 3 cases per 100,000 in Europe with a lower prevalence in Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
CLL has also been reported to convert into other more aggressive diseases such as lymphoblastic lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, high grade T cell lymphomas, [24] acute myeloid leukemia, [25] lung cancer, brain cancer, melanoma of the eye or skin, [26] [27] salivary gland tumors, and Kaposi's sarcomas. [28]
The five-year survival rate is 90%. [21] [22] One subtype is chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is sometimes considered a subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but does not fit neatly into this category. About 80% of affected people are adult men.
5-year survival rate 50%. [33] Occurs in older adults, usually involves lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen, most patients have peripheral blood involvement, indolent. B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia; Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (such as Waldenström macroglobulinemia) Splenic marginal zone lymphoma; Hairy cell leukemia; Plasma cell neoplasms:
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a plasma cell dyscrasia, i.e. a disease involving the malignant degeneration of a subtype of white blood cells called plasma cells. It is the terminal stage and most aggressive form of these dyscrasias, constituting 2% to 4% of all cases of plasma cell malignancies.
There are rare cases of: 1) CLL/SLLs that convert into lymphoblastic lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, or a high grade T cell lymphoma [4] such as anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma; [5] 2) CLL/SLLs that convert into acute myeloid leukemia; [6] 3) CLL/SLLs that convert into or develop non-hematological ...
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