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Ebola, also known as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses. [1] Symptoms typically start anywhere between two days and three weeks after infection. [ 3 ]
Phylogenetic tree comparing ebolaviruses and marburgviruses. Numbers indicate percent confidence of branches. The genus Ebolavirus (/ i ˈ b oʊ l ə / - or / ə ˈ b oʊ l ə ˌ v aɪ r ə s /; ee-BOH-lə- or ə-BOH-lə-VY-rəs) [1] [2] [3] is a virological taxon included in the family Filoviridae (filament-shaped viruses), order Mononegavirales. [3]
Orthoebolavirus zairense [1] or Zaire ebolavirus, more commonly known as Ebola virus (/ i ˈ b oʊ l ə, ɪ-/; EBOV), is one of six known species within the genus Ebolavirus. [2] Four of the six known ebolaviruses, including EBOV, cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as Ebola virus disease (EVD).
A virus that fulfills the criteria for being a member of the order Mononegavirales is a member of the family Filoviridae if: [13] [14] it causes viral hemorrhagic fever in certain primates; it infects primates, pigs or bats in nature; it needs to be adapted through serial passage to cause disease in rodents; it exclusively replicates in the ...
Transmission of the ebolaviruses between natural reservoirs and humans is rare, and outbreaks of Ebola virus disease are often traceable to a single case where an individual has handled the carcass of a gorilla, chimpanzee, bats, [9] or duiker. [10]
The French doctor Charles Anglada (1809–1878) wrote a book in 1869 on extinct and new diseases. [16] He did not distinguish infectious diseases from others (he uses the terms reactive and affective diseases, to mean diseases with an external or internal cause, more or less meaning diseases with or without an observable external cause).
Ebola & Marburg virus diseases Viruses in this family cause hemorrhagic, or bloody, fevers, which are typically accompanied by bleeding from bodily orifices and/or internal organs.
Bacterial diseases – diseases caused by bacteria. Bacteriology – study of bacteria, their characteristics, growth, and role in infectious diseases. Viruses - microscopic pathogens consisting of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat, requiring living cells of host organisms to replicate. [1] Viral disease – diseases caused by viruses.