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These three views are known as front view (also elevation view), top view or plan view and end view (also profile view or section view). When the plane or axis of the object depicted is not parallel to the projection plane, and where multiple sides of an object are visible in the same image, it is called an auxiliary view .
View lines or section lines (lines with arrows marked "A-A", "B-B", etc.) define the direction and location of viewing or sectioning. Sometimes a note tells the reader in which zone(s) of the drawing to find the view or section.
Architectural drawings are made according to a set of conventions, which include particular views (floor plan, section etc.), sheet sizes, units of measurement and scales, annotation and cross referencing. Historically, drawings were made in ink on paper or similar material, and any copies required had to be laboriously made by hand.
Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough information to make a 3D object. These views are known as front view , top view , and end view . The terms elevation , plan and section are also used.
Orthographic projection (also orthogonal projection and analemma) [a] is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions.Orthographic projection is a form of parallel projection in which all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, [2] resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface.
Multiview and sectional view drawings Y14.31–2008: Undimensioned drawings Y14.36M–1996: Surface texture symbols Y14.38–2007: Abbreviations and acronyms for use on drawings and related documents Y14.4M–1989: Pictorial drawing Y14.41–2003: Digital product definition data practices Y14.42–2002: Digital approval systems Y14.5–2018
Plans are usually "scale drawings", meaning that the plans are drawn at a specific ratio relative to the actual size of the place or object. Various scales may be used for different drawings in a set. For example, a floor plan may be drawn at 1:48 (or 1/4"=1'-0") whereas a detailed view may be drawn at 1:24 (or 1/2"=1'-0").
Exploded-view drawing of a gear pump. An exploded-view drawing is a technical drawing of an object that shows the relationship or order of assembly of the various parts. [13] It shows the components of an object slightly separated by distance or suspended in surrounding space in the case of a three-dimensional exploded diagram.