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The 21st Century Community Learning Centers (21st CCLC) initiative is the only federal funding source dedicated exclusively to afterschool programs. The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) reauthorized 21st CCLC in 2002, transferring the administration of the grants from the U.S. Department of Education to the state education agencies .
Writing education in the United States at a national scale using methods other than direct teacher–student tutorial were first implemented in the 19th century. [1] [2] The positive association between students' development of the ability to use writing to refine and synthesize their thinking [3] and their performance in other disciplines is well-documented.
The Education Department considered this direct measure of literacy more accurate than a 1979 estimate which inferred literacy from the number of years of education completed. [30] Data from the ELPS were presented in a 1986 Census Bureau report which concluded that 13% of adults living in the United States were illiterate in English. [ 30 ]
Wexler therefore concludes that the achievement gap is largely a gap in knowledge rather than skills and supports the adoption of elementary literacy curricula that focus on building knowledge. [7] The Knowledge Gap examines attempts to implement this kind of curriculum in several schools and school districts in the United States and the United ...
To foster a national conversation on "the importance of 21st century skills for all students" and "position 21st century readiness at the center of US K-12 education", P21 identified six key areas: [34] [35] Core subjects; 21st century content; Learning and thinking skills; Information and communication technologies (ICT) literacy; Life skills
Many students are considered illiterate in media and information for various reasons. They may not see the value of media and information literacy in the 21st-century classroom. Others are not aware of the emergence of the new form of information. Educators need to introduce IML to these students to help them become media and information literate.
Thus, whereas 20th-century American education began with the elementary school finishing at grade 8, the 21st century begins with the American elementary school finishing at grade 5 in many jurisdictions. Some elementary schools were K-4, middle schools were 5-7, and high schools were 8-12.
Basic subjects are taught in elementary school, and students often remain in one classroom throughout the school day, except for specialized programs, such as physical education, library, music, and art classes. There are (as of 2001) about 3.6 million children in each grade in the United States. [8]