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2. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal...

   Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-C LED) lamps emit UV light at selectable wavelengths between 255 and 280 nm. [74] Pulsed-xenon lamps emit UV light across the entire UV spectrum with a peak emission near 230 nm. [75] This process is similar to, but stronger than, the effect of longer wavelengths producing sunburn in humans. Microorganisms ...

3. Far-UVC - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-UVC

   Unlike conventional germicidal UV-C lamps, which are limited to upper-room (above people's heads [8]) pathogen inactivation or use in unoccupied spaces due to their negative effects on human skin and eyes, far-UVC is considered promising for whole-room pathogen inactivation due to its enhanced safety. This allows for the installation of far-UVC ...

4. Germicidal lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germicidal_lamp

   A 9W germicidal lamp in a modern compact fluorescent lamp form factor Glow of a germicidal lamp excited by a high voltage probe. Close-up of the electrodes and the safety warning. A germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric light that produces ultraviolet C (UVC) light.

5. UV-B lamps - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV-B_lamps

   UV-B lamps are lamps that emit a spectrum of ultraviolet light with wavelengths ranging from 290–320 nanometers. This spectrum is also commonly called the biological spectrum due to the human body's sensitivity to light of such a wavelength. [1] UV-B light does not tan the skin very much, compared to the UV-A lamps that are used in tanning beds.

6. Gas-discharge lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-discharge_lamp

   A flicker light bulb, flicker flame light bulb or flicker glow lamp is a gas-discharge lamp which produces light by ionizing a gas, usually neon mixed with helium and a small amount of nitrogen gas, by an electric current passing through two flame shaped electrode screens coated with partially decomposed barium azide. The ionized gas moves ...

7. Parabolic aluminized reflector - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_aluminized_reflector

   As with the case of LED MR lamps, LED PAR lamps generally use an array of individual LED elements that are unsuitable for reflector operation. Nevertheless, some degree of beam control can be obtained with aperture or lens, and LED PAR 38 replacements with a 40° spread is common. Models built for stage lighting may use less similar dimensions.