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Zygosity (the noun, zygote, is from the Greek zygotos "yoked," from zygon "yoke") (/ zaɪˈɡɒsɪti /) is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence. In other words, it is the degree of similarity of the alleles in an organism. Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are ...
Look up genotype in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material. [1] Genotype can also be used to refer to the alleles or variants an individual carries in a particular gene or genetic location. [2] The number of alleles an individual can have in a specific gene depends on the number of ...
The following is an alphabetical list of Greek and Latin roots, stems, and prefixes commonly used in the English language from H to O. See also the lists from A to G and from P to Z.
Haploinsufficiency in genetics describes a model of dominant gene action in diploid organisms, in which a single copy of the wild-type allele at a locus in heterozygous combination with a variant allele is insufficient to produce the wild-type phenotype. Haploinsufficiency may arise from a de novo or inherited loss-of-function mutation in the ...
Polydactyly. Polydactyly or polydactylism (from Greek πολύς (polys) 'many' and δάκτυλος (daktylos) 'finger'), [1] also known as hyperdactyly, is an anomaly in humans and non-human animals resulting in supernumerary fingers and/or toes. [2] Polydactyly is the opposite of oligodactyly (fewer fingers or toes).
Dihybrid cross. Dihybrid cross is a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes. The idea of a dihybrid cross came from Gregor Mendel when he observed pea plants that were either yellow or green and either round or wrinkled. Crossing of two heterozygous individuals will result in predictable ...
In standard lexicographic terminology, a bilingual dictionary definition provides a "translation equivalent" – "An expression from a language which has the same meaning as, or can be used in a similar context to, one from another language, and can therefore be used to translate it." [5] The British lexicographer Robert Ilson gives example ...
Muller's morphs. Hermann J. Muller (1890–1967), who was a 1946 Nobel Prize winner, coined the terms amorph, hypomorph, hypermorph, antimorph and neomorph to classify mutations based on their behaviour in various genetic situations, as well as gene interaction between themselves. [1] These classifications are still widely used in Drosophila ...