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: any of the five purine or pyrimidine bases of DNA and RNA that include cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine, and uracil
Examples of bases are the hydroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals (sodium, calcium, etc.) and the water solutions of ammonia or its organic derivatives . Such substances produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in water solutions (see Arrhenius theory).
In chemistry, there are three definitions in common use of the word "base": Arrhenius bases, Brønsted bases, and Lewis bases. All definitions agree that bases are substances that react with acids , as originally proposed by G.-F. Rouelle in the mid-18th century.
Arrhenius's Definition of Acids and Bases. The earliest definition of acids and bases is Arrhenius's definition which states that: An acid is a substance that forms hydrogen ions H + when dissolved in water, and; A base is a substance that forms hydroxide ions OH-when dissolved in water.
Learn about the properties of bases and see examples of bases and their uses. Base Definition All bases react with acids to form salts, but there are different definitions of what, exactly, a base is.
Bases have properties that mostly contrast with those of acids. Aqueous solutions of bases are also electrolytes. Bases can be either strong or weak, just as acids can.
Bases are ionic compounds that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. The cation is named first followed by hydroxide. When more than one cation is possible, the charge of the ion in roman numerals must be included.
Examples of bases are sodium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and potassium oxide. A base is a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions. Most bases are minerals that react with acids to form water and salts.
To gauge whether something is an acid or base, and how strong it is, chemists employ the pH scale. The strongest acids are at the lowest end of the scale. The strongest bases sit at the highest end.
Named for Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius to describe base behavior in water, these bases dissociate when added to an aqueous solution, making them strong bases. They form hydroxide ions and increase the concentration of hydroxide in the water.