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There are two words meaning "river" in the Sinhala language, namely Ganga (ගඟ) and Oya (ඔය), of which the usage of both terms is arbitrary. At 335 km (208 mi), the Mahaweli River is the longest river on the island, its drainage basin covering more than one-fifth of the island. It is estimated that there are 103 rivers in Sri Lanka. [1]
The production of hydroelectricity from six dams in the Mahaweli system supplies more than 40% of Sri Lanka's electricity needs. One of the many sources of the river is the Kotmale Oya. [6] There is a misconception in Sri Lanka that the Mahaweli starts at Sri Pada Mountain.
Topographic map of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka, an island in South Asia shaped as a teardrop or a pear/mango, [168] lies on the Indian Plate, a major tectonic plate that was formerly part of the Indo-Australian Plate. [169] It is in the Indian Ocean southwest of the Bay of Bengal, between latitudes 5° and 10° N, and longitudes 79° and 82° E. [170]
The Menik Ganga is the thirteenth-longest river of Sri Lanka. The river is approximately 114 km (71 mi) long and flows across two provinces and two districts. Its catchment area receives approximately 2,124 million cubic metres of rain per year, and approximately 10 percent of the water reaches the sea. It has a catchment area of 1,272 square ...
More than 90% of Sri Lanka's surface lies on Precambrian strata, some of it dating back 2 billion years. [6] The granulite facies rocks of the Highland Series (gneisses, sillimanite-graphite gneisses, quartzite, marbles, and some charnockites) make up most of the island and the amphibolite facies gneisses, granites, and granitic gneisses of the Vijayan Series occur in the eastern and ...
Sri Lanka has a total area of 65,610 km 2, with 64,740 km 2 of land and 870 km 2 of water, and a coastline that is 1,340 km long. The main island of Sri Lanka has an area of 65,268 km 2 and is the 25th largest island in the world by area. [2] Dozens of offshore islands account for the remaining 342 km 2 of area.
Sri Lanka is pockmarked with many irrigation dams, with its water resource distributed across nearly the entirety of the island for agricultural purposes via artificial canals and streams. Utilization of hydro resources for agricultural production dates back to the pre-Colonial era , with the current crop production now largely dependent on ...
' Great River ') is a major watercourse in the Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka. It measures approximately 134 km (83 mi) in length. [1] It runs across four provinces and five districts. The Maha Oya has 14 water supply networks to serve the need of water and more than 1 million people live by the river. [2]