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In mathematics, a sequence transformation is an operator acting on a given space of sequences (a sequence space).Sequence transformations include linear mappings such as discrete convolution with another sequence and resummation of a sequence and nonlinear mappings, more generally.
In combinatorial mathematics, the Stirling transform of a sequence { a n : n = 1, 2, 3, ... This is a linear sequence transformation. The inverse transform is = ...
Two classical techniques for series acceleration are Euler's transformation of series [1] and Kummer's transformation of series. [2] A variety of much more rapidly convergent and special-case tools have been developed in the 20th century, including Richardson extrapolation, introduced by Lewis Fry Richardson in the early 20th century but also known and used by Katahiro Takebe in 1722; the ...
The most important cases are sequences of real or complex numbers, and these spaces, together with linear subspaces, are known as sequence spaces. Operators on these spaces are known as sequence transformations. Bounded linear operators over a Banach space form a Banach algebra in respect to the standard
The linear sequence transformation can be applied to the divergent sequences of partial sums of divergent series to give those series generalized sums. An infinite matrix ( a i , j ) i , j ∈ N {\displaystyle (a_{i,j})_{i,j\in \mathbb {N} }} with complex -valued entries defines a regular matrix summability method if and only if it satisfies ...
The Richardson extrapolation can be considered as a linear sequence transformation. Additionally, the general formula can be used to estimate (leading order step size behavior of Truncation error) when neither its value nor is known a priori.
A linear transformation between topological vector spaces, for example normed spaces, may be continuous. If its domain and codomain are the same, it will then be a continuous linear operator. A linear operator on a normed linear space is continuous if and only if it is bounded, for example, when the domain is finite-dimensional. [18]
In linear algebra, linear transformations can be represented by matrices.If is a linear transformation mapping to and is a column vector with entries, then there exists an matrix , called the transformation matrix of , [1] such that: = Note that has rows and columns, whereas the transformation is from to .