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A BLEVE–fireball at the Philadelphia Energy Solutions refinery, as rendered by the CSB. A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE, / ˈ b l ɛ v iː / BLEV-ee) is an explosion caused by the rupture of a vessel containing a pressurized liquid that is or has reached a temperature sufficiently higher than its boiling point at atmospheric pressure.
Explosive boiling can be best described by a p-T phase diagram. [3] Figure on right shows a typical p-T phase diagram of a substance. The binodal line or the coexistence curve is a thermodynamic state where at that specific temperature and pressure, liquid and vapor can coexist.
Boilover onset mechanism. The extreme violence of boilovers is due to the expansion of water from liquid to steam, which is by a factor of 1500 or more. [3] In practical storage scenarios, the presence of water under the burning fluid is sometimes due to spurious accumulation during plant operation (e.g., rainwater entering a seam in the tank roof, off-specification products from the source ...
The critical point of water occurs at 647.096 K (373.946 °C; 705.103 °F) and 22.064 megapascals (3,200.1 psi; 217.75 atm; 220.64 bar). [ 3 ] In the vicinity of the critical point, the physical properties of the liquid and the vapor change dramatically, with both phases becoming even more similar.
Based on the occurrence of large hydrothermal explosion events over the past 16,000 years, an explosion large enough to create a 100-(meter)- (328-ft-) wide crater might be expected every few ...
The pressure on a pressure-temperature diagram (such as the water phase diagram shown above) is the partial pressure of the substance in question. A phase diagram in physical chemistry , engineering , mineralogy , and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct ...
A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated.The fluid does not necessarily boil.The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications, [1] [page needed] [2] [page needed] including water heating, central heating, boiler-based power generation, cooking, and sanitation.
A fuel explosion within the confines of the firebox may damage the pressurized boiler tubes and interior shell, potentially triggering structural failure, steam or water leakage, and/or a secondary boiler shell failure and steam explosion. A common form of minor firebox "explosion" is known as "drumming" and can occur with any type of fuel.