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Pulmonary laceration is usually accompanied by hemoptysis (coughing up blood or of blood-stained sputum). [12] Thoracoscopy may be used in both diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary laceration. [8] A healing laceration may resemble a lung nodule on radiographs, but unlike pulmonary nodules, lacerations decrease in size over time on radiographs. [4]
A pneumatocele results when a lung laceration, a cut or tear in the lung tissue, fills with air. [4] A rupture of a small airway creates the air-filled cavity. [1] Pulmonary lacerations that fill with blood are called pulmonary hematomas. [4] In some cases, both pneumatoceles and hematomas exist in the same injured lung. [5]
Unlike pulmonary laceration, another type of lung injury, pulmonary contusion does not involve a cut or tear of the lung tissue. A pulmonary contusion is usually caused directly by blunt trauma but can also result from explosion injuries or a shock wave associated with penetrating trauma. With the use of explosives during World Wars I and II ...
Accompanying injuries often play a key role in the outcome. [10] Injuries that may accompany TBI include pulmonary contusion and laceration; and fractures of the sternum, ribs and clavicles. [2] Spinal cord injury, facial trauma, traumatic aortic rupture, injuries to the abdomen, lung, and head are present in 40–100%. [17]
Chest injuries account for 25% of all deaths from traumatic injury. [1] Typically chest injuries are caused by blunt mechanisms such as direct, indirect, compression, contusion, deceleration, or blasts [ 2 ] caused by motor vehicle collisions or penetrating mechanisms such as stabbings .
Lung transplantation is an intricate treatment that can provide efficient results, however, there are risks that come with this procedure which include: bleeding, infection, blockage of the blood vessels to the new lungs, blockage of the airways, severe pulmonary oedema as well as potential blood clot formation.
Treatment for this condition is the same as for hemothorax and pneumothorax independently: by tube thoracostomy, the insertion of a chest drain through an incision made between the ribs, into the intercostal space. A chest tube must be inserted to drain blood and air from the pleural space so it can return to a state of negative pressure and ...
In cases of hemothorax complicating pulmonary embolism treatment, the hemothorax is usually on the side of the original embolism. [6] Those with an abnormal accumulation of air within the pleural space (a pneumothorax) can bleed into the cavity, which occurs in about 5% of cases of spontaneous pneumothorax, [ 8 ] especially when lung bullae ...