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Extortion, which is not limited to the taking of property, involves the verbal or written instillation of fear that something will happen to the victim if they do not comply with the extortionist's will. Another key distinction is that extortion always involves a verbal or written threat, [1] whereas robbery may not.
Robbery was an offence under the common law of England. Matthew Hale provided the following definition: Robbery is the felonious and violent taking of any money or goods from the person of another, putting him in fear, be the value thereof above or under one shilling. [22]
This entails both crimes in which the violent act is the objective, such as murder, assault, rape and assassination, as well as crimes in which violence is used as a method of coercion or show of force, such as robbery, extortion and terrorism. Violent crimes may, or may not, be committed with weapons.
Extortion is the act of threatening someone or using force against that person in order to obtain something.
Property crime is a crime to obtain money, property, or some other benefit. This may involve force, or the threat of force, in cases like robbery or extortion. Since these crimes are committed in order to enrich the perpetrator they are considered property crimes.
The Hobbs Act, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 1951, is a United States federal law enacted in 1946 that prohibits actual or attempted robbery or extortion that affects interstate or foreign commerce, as well as conspiracies to do so. [1]
A person who engages in banditry is known as a bandit and primarily commits crimes such as extortion, robbery, kidnapping, and murder, either as an individual or in groups. Banditry is a vague concept of criminality and in modern usage can be synonymous with gangsterism , brigandage , marauding , terrorism , piracy , and thievery .
[1] [2] [3] The word theft is also used as a synonym or informal shorthand term for some crimes against property, such as larceny, robbery, [1] embezzlement, extortion, blackmail, or receiving stolen property. [2] In some jurisdictions, theft is considered to be synonymous with larceny, [4] [5] while in others, theft is defined more narrowly. [6]