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Part XV of the Constitution of India consists of Articles on Elections. [1] Article 324 of the Constitution provides that the power of superintendence, direction and control of elections to parliament, state legislatures, the office of president of India and the office of vice-president of India shall be vested in the Election Commission.
The Election Commission is composed of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and other (number determined by the President) additional Election Commissioners (ECs) appointed by the President of India under the provision Article 324 of the Constitution.
The Election Commissioners of India are the members of Election Commission of India, a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections in India. An election commissioner is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a three member selection committee headed by the Prime Minister of India .
The Election Commission of India was a single member body till 1989 when two election commissioners were appointed to aid the chief election commissioner. [4] While the office has always been an important one in the machinery of the Indian political process, it gained significant public attention during the tenure of T.N. Seshan , from 1990 to ...
The Supreme Court of India has held that where the enacted laws are silent or make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of elections, the Election Commission has the residuary powers under the Constitution to act as appropriate.The first chief election Commissioner was Sukumar Sen.
In 1950, the Election Commission of India was established as a single member body. As per The Election Commissioner Amendment Act, 1989, the commission was made a multi-member body headed by a chief election commissioner and two other election commissioners, who were appointed to the commission for the first time on 16 October 1989.
Congress may pass bills by simple majority votes. If the president vetoes a bill, Congress may override the veto by a two-thirds supermajority of both houses. A treaty must be ratified by a two-thirds supermajority of the Senate to enter into force and effect.
The executive power to veto legislation is one of the main tools that the executive has in the legislative process, along with the proposal power. [2] It is most commonly found in presidential and semi-presidential systems. [3] In parliamentary systems, the head of state often has either a weak veto power or none at all. [4]