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Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is chest pain or pressure, usually caused by insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardium). [2] It is most commonly a symptom of coronary artery disease. [2] Angina is typically the result of partial obstruction or spasm of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. [3]
Variant angina is caused by vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary arteries due to contraction of the heart's smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls. [3] In comparison, stable angina is caused by the permanent occlusion of these vessels by atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fatty plaque and hardening of the arteries. [4]
Unlike a sudden cardiac event—say, a heart attack—valvular disease develops slowly, over five to 10 years. Many patients don’t experience symptoms until later in the course of disease, if at ...
Chest pain with features characteristic of cardiac origin (angina) can also be precipitated by profound anemia, brady-or tachycardia (excessively slow or rapid heart rate), low or high blood pressure, severe aortic valve stenosis (narrowing of the valve at the beginning of the aorta), pulmonary artery hypertension and a number of other conditions.
Angina comes from the latin angere, which means to strangle, and pectoris comes from pectus, meaning chest—so angina pectoris loosely translates to “strangling of the chest”, which actually makes a lot of sense, because angina pectoris is caused by reduced blood flow which causes ischemia to the heart muscle, or lack of oxygen to the ...
Atherosclerosis is caused by damage to your arteries that triggers a cascade of events that leads to plaque build-up. Once your endothelium is damaged, your body produces inflammation as a defense ...
The pain associated with microvascular angina is normally more intense and it lasts for longer periods of time compared to pain caused by other conditions. Many gastric conditions can cause chest pains (sub-sternal pain), while this is usually associated with consumption of food this is not always the case, and is a very common differential ...
Typical angina is aggravated by physical activity or emotional stress and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. [4] The pain may radiate to other parts of the body, most commonly the left arm or neck. [7] In some individuals, the pain may be less severe and present as pressure or numbness. [7]