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A continual improvement process, also often called a continuous improvement process (abbreviated as CIP or CI), is an ongoing effort to improve products, services, or processes. [1] These efforts can seek "incremental" improvement over time or "breakthrough" improvement all at once. [2]
“Make every effort to change things you do not like. If you cannot make a change, change the way you have been thinking. You might find a new solution.” ...
Effort is the physical and mental energy invested when exercising an ability. [35] It depends on motivation and high motivation is associated with high effort. [36] The quality of the resulting performance depends on the ability, effort, and motivation. [32] Motivation to perform an action can be present even if the action is not executed.
Pseudocertainty effect, the tendency to make risk-averse choices if the expected outcome is positive, but make risk-seeking choices to avoid negative outcomes. [74] Status quo bias, the tendency to prefer things to stay relatively the same. [75] [76] System justification, the tendency to defend and bolster the status quo. Existing social ...
Participative decision-making occurs when an authority opens up the decision-making process to a group of people for a collaborative effort. Decision engineering uses a visual map of the decision-making process based on system dynamics and can be automated through a decision modeling tool, integrating big data , machine learning , and expert ...
In welfare economics, a Pareto improvement formalizes the idea of an outcome being "better in every possible way". A change is called a Pareto improvement if it leaves at least one person in society better-off without leaving anyone else worse off than they were before.
Gigerenzer & Gaissmaier (2011) state that sub-sets of strategy include heuristics, regression analysis, and Bayesian inference. [14]A heuristic is a strategy that ignores part of the information, with the goal of making decisions more quickly, frugally, and/or accurately than more complex methods (Gigerenzer and Gaissmaier [2011], p. 454; see also Todd et al. [2012], p. 7).
In the early days, Folkman and Lazarus split the coping strategies into four groups, namely problem-focused, emotion-focused, support-seeking, and meaning-making coping. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Weiten and Lloyd have identified four types of coping strategies: [ 8 ] appraisal-focused (adaptive cognitive), problem-focused (adaptive behavioral), emotion ...