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Orphic mosaics were found in many late-Roman villas. Orphism is the name given to a set of religious beliefs and practices [1] originating in the ancient Greek and Hellenistic world, [2] associated with literature ascribed to the mythical poet Orpheus, who descended into the Greek underworld and returned.
For the Greeks, Orpheus was a founder and prophet of the so-called "Orphic" mysteries. [11] He was credited with the composition of a number of works, including several theogonies, the Orphic Hymns, [12] the Orphic Argonautica, [13] the Lithica [14] and the Hexameter poem. [15] Shrines containing purported relics of Orpheus were regarded as ...
The Orphic Mysteries' worship centered around the god Dionysus and his dual role as a god of death and rebirth, supposedly as revealed by Orpheus. Cult of Sabazios – This cult worshipped a nomadic horseman god called Sabazios. He was a Thracian/Phrygian god, but the Greeks and Romans syncretized him with Zeus/Jupiter and Dionysus.
Initiates worshipped him in the Dionysian Mysteries, which were comparable to and linked with the Orphic Mysteries, and may have influenced Gnosticism. Orpheus was said to have invented the Mysteries of Dionysus. [1] It is possible that water divination was an important aspect of worship within the cult. [2]
The Orphic mysteries are used as an example of the false cults of Greek paganism in the Protrepticus. The Protrepticus (Greek: Προτρεπτικὸς πρὸς Ἕλληνας: "Exhortation to the Greeks") is, as its title suggests, an exhortation to the pagans of Greece to adopt Christianity. Within it, Clement demonstrates his extensive ...
In Orphic cosmogony, Phanes is often equated with Eros or Mithras and has been depicted as a deity emerging from a cosmic egg entwined with a serpent: the Orphic egg. [2] He had a helmet and had broad, golden wings. The Orphic cosmogony is quite unlike the creation sagas offered by Homer and Hesiod.
Orpheus was regarded as a founder and prophet of the mysteries called "Orphic," "Dionysiac," or "Bacchic." Mythologized for his ability to entrance even animals and trees with his music, he was also credited in antiquity with the authorship of the lyrics that have survived as the Orphic Hymns, among them a hymn to Pluto. Orpheus's voice and ...
The exact origin of this religion is unknown, though Orpheus was said to have invented the mysteries of Dionysus. [130] Evidence suggests that many sources and rituals typically considered to be part of the similar Orphic Mysteries actually belong to Dionysian mysteries. [14]