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In addition to genetics, some environmental factors might play a role in causing ADHD. [167] [168] Alcohol intake during pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders which can include ADHD or symptoms like it. [169] Children exposed to certain toxic substances, such as lead or polychlorinated biphenyls, may develop problems which ...
ADHD is highly heritable: twin studies suggest that genetics explain 70 to 80 percent of the variation of ADHD. [19] There is also strong evidence to support genetic-environment interactions with some fetal and early post-natal environmental factors. [1]
There is no single, unified theory that explains the cause of ADHD. Genetic factors are presumed important, and it has been suggested that environmental factors may affect how symptoms manifest. [20] [35] It is becoming increasingly accepted that individuals with ADHD have difficulty with "executive functioning". In higher organisms, such as ...
Risk factors for mental illness include psychological trauma, adverse childhood experiences, genetic predisposition, and personality traits. [7] [8] Correlations between mental disorders and substance use are also found to have a two way relationship, in that substance use can lead to the development of mental disorders and having mental disorders can lead to substance use/abuse.
Sensory overload occurs when one or more of the body's senses experiences over-stimulation from the environment. There are many environmental elements that affect an individual. Examples of these elements are urbanization, crowding, noise, mass media, and technology. [1] [2] [3] [4]
The precise genetic and environmental factors contributing to ADHD are relatively unknown, but endophenotypes offer a potential middle ground between genes and symptoms. [40] ADHD is commonly linked to "core" deficits involving " executive function ," " delay aversion ," or "activation/arousal" theories that attempt to explain ADHD through its ...
Like many other mood disorders, the causes of bipolar are similar to the risk factors. Some other environmental or lifestyle risk factors that could increase the risk of triggering a mood episode ...
No definitive cause of tic disorders has been declared, but for the most part, the cause lies within biological, chemical, or environmental factors. Studies have shown that abnormal neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, which are active in chemical messages in the brain, can serve as a cause of tic disorders.