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The improvement to DXA with DXL is that, for each pixel scanned by DXA, the exact thickness of the measured object is also measured using lasers. The DXL results allow for a more accurate estimation of bone density by using three separate inputs (low and high x-ray energies plus thickness) rather than two for each pixel in the measuring region.
"Even though laboratory normal ranges are said to be between 50 pg/mL and 450 pg/mL, this normal range is not accurate related to the osteoporosis population. Actual normal values are usually well over 300 pg/mL and are most commonly 400 pg/mL to 550 pg/mL in patients not taking bisphosphonates.
Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a non-ionizing technology for osteoporosis diagnosis and for fracture risk assessment. REMS processes the raw, unfiltered ultrasound signals acquired during an echographic scan of the axial sites, femur and spine. The analysis is performed in the frequency domain.
Results from Oxford hospitals show an up to six-fold increase above the NHS average in the number of patients being identified with vertebral fractures – patients that can then be checked for ...
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is the most widely used and most thoroughly studied bone density measurement technology. The DXA scan is typically used to diagnose and follow osteoporosis , as contrasted to the nuclear bone scan , which is sensitive to certain metabolic diseases of bones in which bones are trying to heal from infections ...
The N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), also known as amino-terminal collagen crosslinks, is the N-terminal telopeptide of fibrillar collagens such as collagen type I and type II.It is used as a biomarker to measure the rate of bone turnover.
Osteoporosis is diagnosed when the bone mineral density is less than or equal to 2.5 standard deviations below that of a young (30–40-year-old [4]:58), healthy adult women reference population. This is translated as a T-score. But because bone density decreases with age, more people become osteoporotic with increasing age.