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The effective temperature of a body such as a star or planet is the temperature of a black body that would emit the same total amount of electromagnetic radiation. [1] [2] Effective temperature is often used as an estimate of a body's surface temperature when the body's emissivity curve (as a function of wavelength) is not known.
[13] [14] Similarly, Earth has an effective temperature of 255 K (−18 °C; −1 °F), [14] but a surface temperature of about 288 K (15 °C; 59 °F) [15] due to the greenhouse effect in our lower atmosphere. [5] [4] The surface temperatures of such planets are more accurately estimated by modeling thermal radiation transport through the ...
This approximation reduces the temperature by a factor of 0.7 1/4, giving 255 K (−18 °C; −1 °F). [ 28 ] [ 29 ] The above temperature is Earth's as seen from space, not ground temperature but an average over all emitting bodies of Earth from surface to high altitude.
This temperature, calculated for the case of the planet acting as a black body by setting =, is known as the effective temperature. The actual temperature of the planet will likely be different, depending on its surface and atmospheric properties.
Evolution of the solar luminosity, radius and effective temperature compared to the present-day Sun. After Ribas (2010) [1] The solar luminosity (L ☉) is a unit of radiant flux (power emitted in the form of photons) conventionally used by astronomers to measure the luminosity of stars, galaxies and other celestial objects in terms of the output of the Sun.
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Such temperatures include the planetary equilibrium temperature, equivalent blackbody temperature [18] or effective radiation emission temperature of the planet. [19] For a planet with an atmosphere, these temperatures can be different than the mean surface temperature, which may be measured as the global-mean surface air temperature , [ 20 ...
New research finds the optimal room temperature range for sleeping for older adults. Here, experts explain the best temperature for sleep.