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The history of fluid mechanics is a fundamental strand of the history of physics and engineering. The study of the movement of fluids (liquids and gases) and the forces that act upon them dates back to pre-history.
1643 – Evangelista Torricelli provides a relation between the speed of fluid flowing from an orifice to the height of fluid above the opening, given by Torricelli's law. He also builds a mercury barometer and does a series of experiments on vacuum. [1] 1650 – Otto von Guericke invents the first vacuum pump. [1]
K. Batchelor, Journal of Fluid Mechanics; This compilation, aptly entitled an "album" ... is a remarkable and magnificent achievement. – Charles Thurlow III, Chemical Engineering; The educator finds beautiful and important illustrations for his lectures in fluid mechanics, and the student should also want to own the book. – N.
Daniel Bernoulli FRS (/ b ɜːr ˈ n uː l i / bur-NOO-lee; Swiss Standard German: [ˈdaːni̯eːl bɛrˈnʊli]; [1] 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1700 – 27 March 1782 [2]) was a Swiss-French mathematician and physicist [2] and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family from Basel.
Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. [ 1 ] : 3 It has applications in a wide range of disciplines, including mechanical , aerospace , civil , chemical , and biomedical engineering , as well as geophysics , oceanography , meteorology , astrophysics ...
The process works by imaging the deflections of light rays that are refracted by a moving fluid, allowing normally unobservable changes in a fluid's refractive index to be seen. [1] Because changes to flow rate directly affect the refractive index of a fluid, one can therefore photograph a fluid's flow rate (as well as other changes to density ...
Streamlines provide a snapshot of some flowfield characteristics, whereas streaklines and pathlines depend on the full time-history of the flow. Often, sequences of streamlines or streaklines at different instants, presented either in a single image or with a videostream, may provide insight to the flow and its history.
On 31 March 1926, the Buckau, now renamed Baden-Baden sailed to New York via South America, the 6,200 nautical mile voyage across the Atlantic used only 12 tons of fuel oil, compared with 45 tons for a motor ship of the same size without rotors (Nuttall & John, 2016), arriving in New York harbor on 9 May (History of Flettner Rotor, n.d.)." [12]