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The Battle of the Marshes (Arabic: معركة الأهوار, Persian: نبرد نیزارها) was a part of the Iran–Iraq War. After the mostly indecisive Dawn operations in 1983, Iran opened a new, surprise amphibious offensive in the lakes of the Hawizeh Marshes in Iraqi Tigris–Euphrates river system .
But for Iraq even 12,000 was an unacceptable toll, as Iraq had a smaller population to draw from. [1] After the battle, Iran tried unsuccessfully to take the Baghdad–Basra highway with Operation Badr. At the end of the War, Iraq expelled the Iranians from Majnoon island by using combined-arms tactics coupled with chemical weapon attacks. [2]
Razoux, Pierre (2019), Le siècle des As (1915-1988): Une autre histoire de l'aviation (in French), Place des éditeurs, ISBN 978-2-262-04827-3 "Iranian Air-to-Air Victories, 1976–1981" , Arabian Peninsula & Persian Gulf Database , Air Combat Information Group, 16 September 2003, archived from the original on 25 August 2013 , retrieved 5 ...
The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, [f] was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides.
The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Iraq lasting from September 1980 to August 1988. The following list contains Iraqi victories by known Iraqi pilots. Note the list is far from complete. The confirmed victories are bold and probable victories are italic in the column of victims.
The Iraqi invasion of Iran began on 22 September 1980, sparking the Iran–Iraq War, and lasted until 5 December 1980. Ba'athist Iraq believed that Iran would not respond effectively due to internal socio-political turmoil caused by the country's Islamic Revolution one year earlier.
Operation Mersad was the last land battle of the Iran–Iraq War. The last notable combat actions of the war took place on 3 August 1988, in the Persian Gulf when the Iranian navy fired on a freighter and Iraq launched chemical attacks on Iranian civilians, killing an unknown number of them and wounding 2,300.
The attack pressured Iran to agree to a ceasefire with Iraq later that summer, ending the eight-year Iran-Iraq War. [6] Later, Iran sued the United States, claiming that the attacks had breached the countries' 1955 Treaty of Amity.