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Texas seceded from the United States in 1861 and joined the Confederate States of America on the eve of the American Civil War. It replaced the pro-Union governor, Sam Houston, in the process. During the war, slavery in Texas was little affected, and prices for enslaved people remained high until the last few months of the war.
The Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, and Colorado Railway (B.B.B.C. or B.B.B. & C.), also called the Harrisburg Road or Harrisburg Railroad, was the first operating railroad in Texas. It completed its first segment of track between Harrisburg, Texas (now a neighborhood of Houston) and Stafford's Point, Texas in 1853.
The first railroad built in Texas is called the Harrisburg Railroad and opened for business in 1853. [21] In 1854, the Texas and Red River telegraph services were the first telegraph offices to open in Texas. [21] The Texas cotton industry in 1859 increased production by seven times compared to 1849, as 58,073 bales increased to 431,645 bales. [22]
The Waco and Northwestern Division remained in receivership until it was sold on September 5, 1895. It was acquired by the Houston and Texas Central Railroad on June 30, 1898. [4] The H&TC Railroad continued to operate independently until 1927, when it was leased to the Texas and New Orleans Railroad, a subsidiary of the Southern Pacific ...
This worsening situation for railroad workers led to strikes against many railroads, culminating in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, involving over 100,000 people in multiple cities. [41] The Great Strike began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, in response to the cutting of wages for the second time in a year by the B&O Railroad.
The Texas Runaway Slave Project, located in Nacogdoches at the Stephen F. Austin State University, has researched runaway advertisements that appeared in 19,000 editions of newspapers from the mid-19th century. [106] Alice L. Baumgartner has studied the prevalence of people who fled slavery from the Southern states to Mexico.
The Compromise of 1850 which admitted California as a slave-free state, defined the geographical boundary of Texas as a slave state, banned the slave trade (but not slavery itself) in Washington DC, enhanced the Fugitive Slave Act, and most relevantly established Utah and New Mexico territories under popular sovereignty — meaning whether any ...
Gadsden planned to establish a slave-holding colony there based on rice, cotton, and sugar, and wanted to use slave labor to build a railroad and highway that originated in either San Antonio or the Red River valley. The railway or highway would transport people to the California gold fields.