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The Limousin, French: Limousine, is a French breed of beef cattle from the Limousin and Manche regions of France. It was formerly used mainly as a draught animal , but in modern times is reared for beef .
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus which causes enzootic bovine leukosis in cattle.It is closely related to the human T‑lymphotropic virus type 1 ().BLV may integrate into the genomic DNA of B‑lymphocytes as a DNA intermediate (the provirus), or exist as unintegrated circular or linear forms. [2]
Double-muscled cattle are breeds of cattle that carry one of seven known mutations that limits and reduces the activity of the myostatin protein. Normally, myostatin limits the number of muscle fibers present at birth, and interfering with activity of this protein causes animals to be born with higher numbers of muscle fibers, consequently augmenting muscle growth.
BPV is highly prevalent, with around 50% of cattle being estimated to bear lesions in the UK. [6] Cutaneous warts are most common in younger animals (under 2 years) and usually spontaneously regress due to the animal's immune response without significant scarring. The duration of infection is very variable (from one month to over a year) and ...
One of the identifying characteristics of lentiviruses is being able to infect non-dividing cells. BIV, being a lentivirus has this characteristic. [3] BIV, like HIV, has two phases to its replication cycle. The first phase is the entry phase; it is initiated by high affinity of the virus envelope glycoprotein with a specific cell receptor.
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (if BSE-infected beef is eaten by humans) Usual onset: 4–5 years after exposure [2] Types: Classic, atypical [1] Causes: A type of prion [3] Risk factors: Feeding contaminated meat and bone meal to cattle: Diagnostic method: Suspected based on symptoms, confirmed by examination of the brain [1] Prevention
Grass tetany also called the staggers , is a metabolic disease involving magnesium deficiency, which can occur in such ruminant livestock as beef cattle, dairy cattle and sheep, [1] usually after grazing on pastures of rapidly growing grass, especially in early spring. Despite the name, it is unrelated to tetanus.
By 1917, 5% of American cattle were infected with M. bovis (bovine tuberculosis or bTB), including 10% of dairy animals and 1–2% of beef cattle. The rates were going up. The rates were going up. Around 1900, 15,000 Americans, mostly children, died each year from bTB, and many more suffered pain and disfigurement.