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The temporal frame allows the expected outcomes of a behaviour (benefits and losses) to be presented as occurring in the short-term or in the long-term. This technique allows for researchers to implement two different frames: one with the negative consequences presented as short-term and the positive consequences presented as long-term.
Perceptions are affected by construal level theory in almost all aspects of psychology. [2] Strong relationships and similarities have been found between different types of psychological distances. These include temporal, spatial, personal, and social distance. [2] When distance on one of these levels increases, the other levels also increase.
The framing effect has consistently been shown to be one of the largest biases in decision making. [11] In general, susceptibility to framing effects increases with age. Age difference factors are particularly important when considering health care [12] [13] [14] and financial decisions. The susceptibility to framing can influence how older ...
Sanna and colleagues examined temporal framing and thinking about success as a contributor to the planning fallacy. They found that when people were induced to think about a deadline as distant (i.e., much time remaining) vs. rapidly approaching (i.e., little time remaining), they made more optimistic predictions and had more thoughts of success.
As noted above, this can be due to a variety of factors. Whether the distance is due to a lack of exposure, a lack of knowledge, a temporal difference, or being physically separated, all four create a distance that in some way limits exposure or frequency. This phenomenon is prevalent in many environmental issues such as climate change and its ...
Framing theory and frame analysis provide a broad theoretical approach that analysts have used in communication studies, news (Johnson-Cartee, 1995), politics, and social movements (among other applications). According to Bert Klandermans, the "social construction of collective action frames" involves "public discourse, that is, the interface ...
People who confabulate present with incorrect memories ranging from subtle inaccuracies to surreal fabrications, and may include confusion or distortion in the temporal framing (timing, sequence or duration) of memories. [2] In general, they are very confident about their recollections, even when challenged with contradictory evidence. [3]
In philosophy, temporality refers to the idea of a linear progression of past, present, and future. The term is frequently used, however, in the context of critiques of commonly held ideas of linear time.