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In hacking, a shellcode is a small piece of code used as the payload in the exploitation of a software vulnerability.It is called "shellcode" because it typically starts a command shell from which the attacker can control the compromised machine, but any piece of code that performs a similar task can be called shellcode.
With encryption, the main body of the code (also called its payload) is encrypted and will appear meaningless. For the code to function as before, a decryption function is added to the code. When the code is executed, this function reads the payload and decrypts it before executing it in turn. Encryption alone is not polymorphism.
In computer programming, the most common usage of the term is in the context of message protocols, to differentiate the protocol overhead from the actual data. For example, a JSON web service response might be: { "data": { "message": "Hello, world!" } } The string Hello, world! is the payload of JSON message, while the rest is protocol overhead.
Code injection is a class of computer security exploits in which vulnerable computer programs or system processes fail to correctly handle external data, such as user input, leading to the program misinterpreting the data as a command that should be executed. An attacker using this method "injects" code into the
Return-oriented programming is an advanced version of a stack smashing attack. Generally, these types of attacks arise when an adversary manipulates the call stack by taking advantage of a bug in the program, often a buffer overrun.
Typically, the proxy or VPN applications enabling pivoting are executed on the target computer as the payload of an exploit. Pivoting is usually done by infiltrating a part of a network infrastructure (as an example, a vulnerable printer or thermostat) and using a scanner to find other devices connected to attack them.
A logic bomb is a piece of code intentionally inserted into a software system that will set off a malicious function when specified conditions are met. For example, a programmer may hide a piece of code that starts deleting files (such as a salary database trigger), should they ever be terminated from the company.
In computer programming, DLL injection is a technique used for running code within the address space of another process by forcing it to load a dynamic-link library. [1] DLL injection is often used by external programs to influence the behavior of another program in a way its authors did not anticipate or intend.