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Colossus was a set of computers developed by British codebreakers in the years 1943–1945 [1] to help in the cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher.Colossus used thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) to perform Boolean and counting operations.
Maxwell Herman Alexander Newman, FRS [1] (7 February 1897 – 22 February 1984), generally known as Max Newman, was a British mathematician and codebreaker.His work in World War II led to the construction of Colossus, [6] the world's first operational, programmable electronic computer, and he established the Royal Society Computing Machine Laboratory at the University of Manchester, which ...
Thomas Harold Flowers MBE (22 December 1905 – 28 October 1998) was an English engineer with the British General Post Office. During World War II, Flowers designed and built Colossus, the world's first programmable electronic computer, to help decipher encrypted German messages.
This weekend, the @xAI team brought our Colossus 100k H100 training cluster online. From start to finish, it was done in 122 days. Colossus is the most powerful AI training system in the world ...
It was mainly an electro-mechanical machine, containing no more than a couple of dozen valves (vacuum tubes), [2] and was the predecessor to the electronic Colossus computer. It was dubbed "Heath Robinson" by the Wrens who operated it, after cartoonist William Heath Robinson , who drew immensely complicated mechanical devices for simple tasks ...
The Colossus computer at Bletchley Park During World War II, special-purpose vacuum-tube digital computers such as Colossus were used to break German machine (teleprinter) ciphers known as Fish . The military intelligence gathered by these systems was essential to the Allied war effort.
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Tony Sale with the rebuilt Colossus computer A team led by Tony Sale began a reconstruction of a Colossus computer at The National Museum of Computing. Anthony Edgar "Tony" Sale, FBCS (30 January 1931 – 28 August 2011) was a British electronic engineer, computer programmer, computer hardware engineer, and historian of computing.