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Sizes with multiple zeros are successively thicker than 0 AWG and can be denoted using "number of zeros/0", for example 4/0 AWG for 0000 AWG. For an m /0 AWG wire, use n = −(m − 1) = 1 − m in the above formulas. For instance, for 0000 AWG or 4/0 AWG, use n = −3.
A single insulated conductor in free air has 70 A rating. Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. Electrical code rules will give ratings for wiring where short-term loads are present, for example, in a hoisting motor.
The current British Standard for metallic materials including wire is BS 6722:1986, which is a solely metric standard, superseding 3737:1964, which used the SWG system. The IEC 60228 , used in most parts of the world, defines standard wire sizes based on their cross-sectional areas as expressed in mm 2 . [ 3 ]
Comparison of SWG (red), AWG (blue) and IEC 60228 (black) wire gauge sizes from 0.03 to 200 mm² to scale on a 1 mm grid – in the SVG file, hover over a size to highlight it. In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight ...
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No. 7/0, the largest size, is 0.50 in. (500 thou or 12.7 mm) dia., No. 1 is 0.30 in. ( 300 thou ), and the smallest, No. 50, is 0.001 in. ( 1 thou or 25.4 µm ). The system as a whole approximates an exponential curve , plotting diameter against gauge-number (each size is a approximately a constant multiple of the previous size).
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Series I preferred current ratings (in amps) are: 16, 32, 63, 125, 250, 400, 630 and 800, with wire gauges specified as mm 2. Series II preferred current ratings (in amps) are: 20, 30, 60, 100, 200, 300, 350, 500 and 600, with wire gauges specified as AWG and circular mil .