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The River Thames (/ t ɛ m z / ⓘ TEMZ), known alternatively in parts as the River Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At 215 miles (346 km), it is the longest river entirely in England and the second-longest in the United Kingdom , after the River Severn .
London Stone, Yantlet Creek. The transition between the Thames Estuary and the North Sea has been located at various notional boundaries, including: [1] The Yantlet Line between the Crow Stone (London Stone) on the northern foreshore at Chalkwell, Westcliff-on-Sea and another London Stone off the Isle of Grain, to the south.
The Ancestral Thames is the geologically ancient precursor to the present day River Thames. The river has its origins in the emergence of Britain from a Cretaceous sea over 60 million years ago. Parts of the river's course were profoundly modified by the Anglian (or Elsterian) glaciation some 450,000 years ago.
Map of Oxford c. 1900, with the river labelled as "River Thames or Isis". Rowing on the Isis opposite the Oxford college boathouses. " The Isis " ( / ˈ aɪ s ɪ s / EYE -siss ) is an alternative name for the River Thames , used from its source in the Cotswolds until it is joined by the River Thame at Dorchester in Oxfordshire .
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This list comprises the principal instances; longest ex-mill races (), with own articles are included; the main weirstream/river stream of each Thames lock is omitted and the smallest such associated instances [clarification needed]; but the Sheepwash Channel is included for its importance in Oxford.
Cattle grazing below high water, Isle of Dogs, 1792 (Robert Dodd, detail: National Maritime Museum) The Embanking of the tidal Thames is the historical process by which the lower River Thames, at one time a broad, shallow waterway winding through malarious marshlands, has been transformed by human intervention into a deep, narrow tidal canal flowing between solid artificial walls, and ...
In the upper reaches of the Thames, the river depth was raised by dams and in the lower reaches it was raised by embankments, so gradually most fords were lost. [1] At least one regular ford remains, at Duxford. Many of the present road bridges over the river are on the sites of earlier fords, ferries and wooden structures.