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A road, railway line, or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain, the alternatives being either to have an unacceptable change in level or detour to follow a contour.
The side of a levee in Sacramento, California. A levee (/ ˈ l ɛ v i / or / ˈ l ɛ v eɪ /), [a] [1] dike (American English), dyke (British English; see spelling differences), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is an elevated ridge, natural or artificial, alongside the banks of a river, often intended to protect against flooding of the area adjoining the river.
The choice of strategy is site-specific, depending on pattern of sea-level change, geomorphological setting, sediment availability and erosion, as well as social, economic and political factors. Alternatively, integrated coastal zone management approaches may be used to prevent development in erosion- or flood-prone areas, reducing the need to ...
As climate change has led to increased flood risk an intensity, flood management is an important part of climate change adaptation and climate resilience. [2] [3] For example, to prevent or manage coastal flooding, coastal management practices have to handle natural processes like tides but also sea level rise due to climate change. The ...
A graph shows the groundwater level and sea level changes with respect to the tide on a small island in Portugal. The solid line represents the sea level change in the estuary and the dotted line is date from a piezometer that installed 50 m apart from the coastal line. It shows a time lag between the sea tide and the tide of groundwater.
A levee, an artificial bank raised above the immediately surrounding land to redirect or prevent flooding by a river, lake or sea; Embankment (earthworks), a raised bank to carry a road, railway, or canal across a low-lying or wet area; Embankment dam, a dam made of mounded earth and rock
When compared to conventional flood protection infrastructure such as embankments and seawalls, sedimentation enhancing strategies provide various benefits.Firstly, flood protection structures can exacerbate environmental problems in deltas: land reclamation and levee construction result in a loss of water storage area during peak river discharges, which may cause an increased risk of flooding ...
Coloured areas of the sea emphasise shallow water and dangerous underwater obstructions. Depths are measured from the chart datum, which is related to the local sea level. The chart datum varies according to the standard used by each national Hydrographic Office.