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Stress-controlled rheometer: Combined motor-transducer system. (M = torque; φ = deflection angle; n = rotational speed) In a controlled-stress (CS) rheometer, the torque acting in the sample is determined directly from the electrical torque generated in the motor. With such a design, no separate torque sensor is required.
For liquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used. Thus, a rheometer can be considered as a special type of viscometer. [1] Viscometers can measure only constant viscosity, that is, viscosity that does not change with flow conditions.
Angular rate sensors, ARS, are devices that directly measure angular rate, without integration in conditioning electronics.Gyroscopes also measure angular rate. Generally gyroscopes are able to measure a constant rotation rate, while rate sensors also include devices with a low cut off frequency that is other than zero.
Rheometry (from Greek ῥέος (rheos) 'stream') generically refers to the experimental techniques used to determine the rheological properties of materials, [1] that is the qualitative and quantitative relationships between stresses and strains and their derivatives.
A sphere rotating around an axis. Points farther from the axis move faster, satisfying ω = v / r.. In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
rotation of polarized light potentiometer: voltage (term is also used to refer to a variable resistor) profilometer: surface roughness protractor: angle psychrometer: humidity pycnometer: fluid density pyranometer: solar radiation pyrheliometer: direct solar insolation pyrometer: high temperatures quadrat: percentage cover of a certain species
Capillary breakup rheometry is an experimental technique used to assess the extensional rheological response of low viscous fluids. Unlike most shear and extensional rheometers, this technique does not involve active stretch or measurement of stress or strain but exploits only surface tension to create a uniaxial extensional flow.
δ is the phase angle difference between the surface tension and area; E’' is the elastic (storage) modulus; E’'' is the viscous (loss) modulus; Most commonly, the measurement of dilational interfacial rheology is conducted with an optical tensiometer combined to a pulsating drop module.