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Stress-controlled rheometer: Combined motor-transducer system. (M = torque; φ = deflection angle; n = rotational speed) In a controlled-stress (CS) rheometer, the torque acting in the sample is determined directly from the electrical torque generated in the motor. With such a design, no separate torque sensor is required.
When the slip angle is zero (no slip), the upper elements produce no voltage as no Coriolis force acts on them. But when cornering, the rotational movement causes the upper part of the tuning fork to leave the oscillatory plane, creating an alternating voltage (and thus an alternating current) proportional to the yaw rate and oscillatory speed.
Angular rate sensors, ARS, are devices that directly measure angular rate, without integration in conditioning electronics. Gyroscopes also measure angular rate. Generally gyroscopes are able to measure a constant rotation rate, while rate sensors also include devices with a low cut off frequency that is other than zero.
Single- and multi-axis accelerometers detect the combined magnitude and direction of linear, rotational and gravitational acceleration. They can be used to provide limited motion sensing functionality. For example, a device with an accelerometer can detect rotation from vertical to horizontal state in a fixed location.
A yaw rate sensor that measures the rotation rate of the car. The data from the yaw sensor is compared with the data from the steering wheel angle sensor to determine regulating action. [47] A lateral acceleration sensor that measures the vehicle's lateral acceleration. This is often called an accelerometer. Wheel speed sensors that measure ...
The basic design of a rectangular-slit viscometer/rheometer consists of a rectangular-slit channel with uniform cross-sectional area. A test liquid is pumped at a constant flow rate through this channel. Multiple pressure sensors flush-mounted at linear distances along the stream-wise direction measure pressure drop as depicted in the figure:
rotation of polarized light potentiometer: voltage (term is also used to refer to a variable resistor) profilometer: surface roughness protractor: angle psychrometer: humidity pycnometer: fluid density pyranometer: solar radiation pyrheliometer: direct solar insolation pyrometer: high temperatures quadrat: percentage cover of a certain species
A yaw rotation is a movement around the yaw axis of a rigid body that changes the direction it is pointing, to the left or right of its direction of motion. The yaw rate or yaw velocity of a car, aircraft, projectile or other rigid body is the angular velocity of this rotation, or rate of change of the heading angle when the aircraft is horizontal.