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Korotkoff sounds are the sounds that medical personnel listen for when they are taking blood pressure using a non-invasive procedure. They are named after Nikolai Korotkov , a Russian physician who discovered them in 1905, [ 1 ] when he was working at the Imperial Medical Academy in St. Petersburg , the Russian Empire.
Korotkoff sounds are pulse-synchronous circulatory sounds heard through the stethoscope in auscultation of blood pressure using Riva-Rocci's sphygmomanometer. Korotkoff test or Korotkoff sign is a collateral circulation test: in aneurysm, if the blood pressure in the peripheral circulation remains fairly high while the artery above the aneurysm ...
An auscultatory gap, also known as the silent gap, [1] is a period of diminished or absent Korotkoff sounds during the manual measurement of blood pressure.It is associated with peripheral blood flow caused by changes in the pulse wave. [2]
Korotkoff sounds: Nikolai Korotkov: cardiology: auscultatory sphygmomanometry: Korotkov described 5 sounds. Only the first (the onset of audible sound, and corresponding to systolic pressure) and the fifth (sound becomes inaudible, corresponding to diastolic pressure) are of practical clinical significance (however, see:Auscultatory gap)
In 1905, Nikolai Korotkoff improved the technique by describing the Korotkoff sounds that are heard when the artery is ausculted with a stethoscope while the sphygmomanometer cuff is deflated. [2] Tracking serial blood pressure measurements was further enhanced when Donald Nunn invented an accurate fully automated oscillometric sphygmomanometer ...
As the pressure in the cuffs falls, a "whooshing" or pounding sound is heard (see Korotkoff sounds) when blood flow first starts again in the artery. The pressure at which this sound began is noted and recorded as the systolic blood pressure. The cuff pressure is further released until the sound can no longer be heard.
Pulse pressure is quantified using a blood pressure cuff and stethoscope (Korotkoff sounds), by measuring the variation of the systolic pressure during expiration and inspiration. [8] To measure the pulsus paradoxus, place a blood pressure cuff on the patient's arm and very slowly deflate the cuff while listening for brachial pulsations.
Next, a blood pressure cuff is used to confirm the finding: the cuff is elevated past systolic pressure and then slowly lowered cuff towards the systolic level. If alternating loud and soft Korotkoff sounds are heard, pulsus alternans is indicated. [3]