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et al. and others Abbreviation of et alii, meaning "and others". et cetera: and other things Generally used in the sense of "and so forth". et seq. and the following things Abbreviation of et sequens, meaning "and the following ones". Used in citations to indicate that the cited portion extends to the pages following the cited page.
Almaany offers correspondent meanings for Arabic terms with semantically similar words and is widely used in Arabic language research. [7] Researchers such as Touahri and Mazroui have used Almaany to "explain difficult meaning lemmas " in their published results.
All the common words, idioms, proverbs, and modern academic, literary, scientific, and technical terms of the Urdu language have been listed. Only those obsolete words and idioms have been included which are found in ancient books. They are indicated by the symbol "Qaaf". The English words that are commonly used in Urdu have also been included. [5]
Juliana, et al. v. United States of America, et al. was a climate-related lawsuit filed in 2015 and dismissed in 2020. Filed by 21 youth plaintiffs against the United States and several executive branch officials.
United States, et al. v. Apple Inc. is a lawsuit brought against multinational technology corporation Apple Inc. in 2024. The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) alleges that Apple violated antitrust statutes. [1] [2] The lawsuit contrasts the practices of Apple with those of Microsoft in United States v.
Federal Trade Commission, et al. v. Amazon.com, Inc. is a lawsuit brought against the multinational technology company and online retailer Amazon in 2023. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), joined by the attorneys general of seventeen U.S. states , alleges that Amazon holds and abuses an online retail monopoly .
It is common practice in legal documents to cite other publications by using standard abbreviations for the title of each source. Abbreviations may also be found for common words or legal phrases. Such citations and abbreviations are found in court decisions, statutes, regulations, journal articles, books, and other documents.
Ezafe is also used frequently in Urdu, but its use is mostly restricted to poetic settings or to phrases imported wholesale from Persian since Urdu expresses the genitive with the native declined possessive postposition kā. The name of the Pakistani political party, Jamaat-e-Islami, is an example of the