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Conservators may clean dust from paper and leather with a soft brush or cloths, a specialized vacuum cleaner, nonchemical vulcanized rubber sponges, or nonabrasive erasing materials such as vinyl erasers. [3] [2] In order to remove mold and insects, conservators use scalpels, aspirators, or specialized vacuum cleaners. Deep freezing is used to ...
Book restoration is the renewal and repair of books. [1] Techniques include cleaning; mending and filling damaged pages; restitching and rebinding . The first substantial work on the subject was Alfred Bonnardot 's Essai sur l'art de Restaurer les Estampes et les Livres which was first published in Paris in 1846.
All books were moved to subpages of Wikipedia:Books/archive at the end of June where they remained for a month to allow users to keep books in userspace and allow for refunds after namespace deletion. On 3 August 2021, all books were deleted. For details of how to restore a book after deletion, see: Wikipedia:Books/archive
iText is a library for creating and manipulating PDF files in Java and . NET.It was created in 2000 and written by Bruno Lowagie. The source code was initially distributed as open source under the Mozilla Public License or the GNU Library General Public License open source licenses.
Bookworm is a general name for any insect that is said to bore through books. [1] [2] The damage to books that is commonly attributed to "bookworms" is often caused by the larvae of various types of insects, including beetles, moths, and cockroaches, which may bore or chew through books seeking food.
Library-book or -materials vandalism, sometimes termed intentional destruction of books or materials [citation needed] or book or material mutilation [1] is the act of damaging or defacing library books or other library holdings. It is a considerable loss of resources for libraries with high rates of vandalism.
For Beginners LLC is a publishing company based in Danbury, Connecticut, that publishes the For Beginners graphic nonfiction series of documentary comic books on complex topics, covering an array of subjects on the college level. Meant to appeal to students and "non-readers", as well as people who wish to broaden their knowledge without ...
Documents containing Adobe extended features still carry the PDF base version number 1.7 but also contain an indication of which extension was followed during document creation. [21] PDF documents conforming to ISO 32000-2 carry the PDF version number 2.0, and are known to developers as "PDF 2.0 documents".