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Alternative assumptions for the extrapolation of the cancer risk vs. radiation dose to low-dose levels, given a known risk at a high dose: supra-linearity (A), linear (B), linear-quadratic (C) and hormesis (D). Radiation hormesis is the hypothesis that low doses of ionizing radiation (within the region of and just above natural background ...
A bottle of Radithor at the National Museum of Nuclear Science & History in New Mexico, United States Radithor was a patent medicine that is a well-known example of radioactive quackery . It consisted of triple-distilled water containing at a minimum 1 microcurie (37 kBq ) each of the radium-226 and 228 isotopes.
The validity of the LNT model, however, is disputed, and other models exist: the threshold model, which assumes that very small exposures are harmless, the radiation hormesis model, which says that radiation at very small doses can be beneficial, and the supra-linear model. It has been argued that the LNT model may have created an irrational ...
The concept of radiation hormesis is relevant to this table – radiation hormesis is a hypothesis stating that the effects of a given acute dose may differ from the effects of an equal fractionated dose. Thus 100 mSv is considered twice in the table below – once as received over a 5-year period, and once as an acute dose, received over a ...
Hormesis has been observed in a number of cases in humans and animals exposed to chronic low doses of ionizing radiation. A-bomb survivors who received high doses exhibited shortened lifespan and increased cancer mortality, but those who received low doses had lower cancer mortality than the Japanese average. [27] [28]
Radiation hormesis is the conjecture that a low level of ionizing radiation (i.e., near the level of Earth's natural background radiation) helps "immunize" cells against DNA damage from other causes (such as free radicals or larger doses of ionizing radiation), and decreases the risk of cancer. The theory proposes that such low levels activate ...
The foremost contribution of the ICLDRR is the setup of a radiation low-dose mammal-experiment database. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Their results have been used in support of the radiation hormesis hypothesis, wherein low-dose radiation may actually be beneficial for health. [ 3 ]
Radiation exposure from radon is indirect. The health hazard from radon does not come primarily from radon itself, but rather from the radioactive products formed in the decay of radon. [1] The general effects of radon to the human body are caused by its radioactivity and consequent risk of radiation-induced cancer. Lung cancer is the only ...