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The force on a current carrying wire is similar to that of a moving charge as expected since a current carrying wire is a collection of moving charges. A current-carrying wire feels a force in the presence of a magnetic field. The Lorentz force on a macroscopic current is often referred to as the Laplace force.
The magnetic field (marked B, indicated by red field lines) around wire carrying an electric current (marked I) Compass and wire apparatus showing Ørsted's experiment (video [1]) In electromagnetism, Ørsted's law, also spelled Oersted's law, is the physical law stating that an electric current induces a magnetic field. [2]
When the electric current in a loop of wire changes, the changing current creates a changing magnetic field. A second wire in reach of this magnetic field will experience this change in magnetic field as a change in its coupled magnetic flux, . Therefore, an electromotive force is set up in the second loop called the induced emf or transformer emf.
The magnetic field lines of a current-carrying loop of wire pass through the center of the loop, concentrating the field there The magnetic field generated by passing a current through a coil. An electric current flowing in a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire, due to Ampere's law (see drawing of wire with magnetic field).
The magnetic force component of the Lorentz force manifests itself as the force that acts on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field. In that context, it is also called the Laplace force . The Lorentz force is a force exerted by the electromagnetic field on the charged particle, that is, it is the rate at which linear momentum is ...
[6] [7] He investigated and discovered the rules which govern the field around a straight current-carrying wire: [8] The magnetic field lines encircle the current-carrying wire. The magnetic field lines lie in a plane perpendicular to the wire. If the direction of the current is reversed, the direction of the magnetic field reverses.
Two current-carrying wires attract each other magnetically: The bottom wire has current I 1, which creates magnetic field B 1. The top wire carries a current I 2 through the magnetic field B 1, so (by the Lorentz force) the wire experiences a force F 12. (Not shown is the simultaneous process where the top wire makes a magnetic field which ...
Magnetic field (green) induced by a current-carrying wire winding (red) in a magnetic circuit consisting of an iron core C forming a closed loop with two air gaps G in it. In an analogy to an electric circuit, the winding acts analogously to an electric battery, providing the magnetizing field , the core pieces act like wires, and the gaps G act like resistors.
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