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A settling basin, settling pond or decant pond is an earthen or concrete structure using sedimentation to remove settleable matter and turbidity from wastewater. The basins are used to control water pollution in diverse industries such as agriculture , [ 1 ] aquaculture , [ 2 ] and mining .
A sediment trap is a temporary settling basin installed on a construction site to capture eroded or disturbed soil that is washed off during rain storms, and protect the water quality of a nearby stream, river, lake, or bay. The trap is basically an embankment built along a waterway or low-lying area on the site
Settling basins and clarifiers should be designed based on the settling velocity (v s) of the smallest particle to be theoretically 100% removed. The overflow rate is defined as: [citation needed] Overflow rate (v o) = Flow of water (Q (m 3 /s)) /(Surface area of settling basin (A(m 2))
Settling basins are ponds constructed for the purpose of removing entrained solids by sedimentation. [21] Clarifiers are tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal of solids being deposited by sedimentation; [22] however, clarification does not remove dissolved solids. [23]
Detention basins are similar but are "dry ponds" designed to temporarily hold runoff as a flood control measure. Infiltration basins are ponds designed to percolate their contents into underlying permeable soils. Settling basins are designed to separate solids from wastewaters without provision for treatment of those solids.
Jeffrey Bronowski, Akron water supply bureau manager, stands on a walkway with a building constructed in 1915 behind him and a settling basin below him at the Akron Water Supply Plant near Lake ...
Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment. Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force.
Gravity separation of solids is the primary treatment of sewage, where the unit process is called "primary settling tanks" or "primary sedimentation tanks". [17] It is also widely used for the treatment of other types of wastewater. Solids that are denser than water will accumulate at the bottom of quiescent settling basins.