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The diaphysis is the midsection of the tibia, also known as the shaft or body. While the epiphyses are the two rounded extremities of the bone; an upper (also known as superior or proximal) closest to the thigh and a lower (also known as inferior or distal) closest to the foot .
Long bones, especially the femur and tibia, are subjected to most of the load during daily activities and they are crucial for skeletal mobility. They grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis , with an epiphysis at each end of the growing bone.
The metaphysis (pl.: metaphyses) is the neck portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. [1] It contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses.
The diaphysis (pl.: diaphyses) is the main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat). It is a middle tubular part composed of compact bone which surrounds a central marrow cavity which contains red or yellow marrow. In diaphysis, primary ossification occurs.
Type VI = Tibial plateau fracture with diaphyseal discontinuity; Main feature of this type of fracture is a transverse subcondylar fracture with dissociation of the metaphysis from the diaphysis. The fracture pattern of the condyles is variable and all types of fractures can occur.
In the tibial shaft, the mechanical and anatomical axes coincide, but in the femoral shaft they diverge 6°, resulting in the femorotibial angle of 174° in a leg with normal axial alignment. A leg is considered straight when, with the feet brought together, both the medial malleoli of the ankle and the medial condyles of the knee are touching.
Leg compartment syndrome is found in 2% to 9% of tibial fractures. It is strongly related to fractures involving the tibial diaphysis as well as other sections of the tibia. [30] Direct injury to blood vessels can lead to compartment syndrome by reducing the downstream blood supply to soft tissues.
Pes anserinus inserts onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal tibia. The muscles are the sartorius , gracilis and semitendinosus sometimes referred to as the guy ropes . The name "goose foot" arises from the three-pronged manner in which the conjoined tendon inserts onto the tibia.