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  2. Cortes of León of 1188 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortes_of_León_of_1188

    "Curia and Cortes in León and Castile 1072-1295". Cambridge 1980. Procter, Evelyn."The Interpretation of Clause 3 in the Decrees of León," EHR 85 (1970; Merriman, Roger B. "The Cortes of the Spanish Kingdoms in the Later Middle Ages," AHR 16 (1911) Keane, John. "The Life and Death of Democracy". Simon & Schuster, London, 2009.

  3. Cortes Generales - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortes_Generales

    Then, in 1936, the Army's failed coup degenerated into the Spanish Civil War, putting an end to the Second Republic. From November 1936 to October 1937, the Cortes were held at Valencia City Hall, which was still being used for its local purposes at the same time.

  4. History of parliamentarism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_parliamentarism

    The first modern parliaments date back to the Middle Ages. In 1188, Alfonso IX, King of León (in current day Spain) convened the three states in the Cortes of León; UNESCO considers this the first example of modern parliamentarism in the history of Europe, with the presence of the common people through elected representatives.

  5. Category:Civil wars of the Middle Ages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Civil_wars_of_the...

    Pages in category "Civil wars of the Middle Ages" The following 37 pages are in this category, out of 37 total. ... Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384)

  6. Portuguese Cortes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Cortes

    Changing taxation (especially requesting war subsidies), was probably the most frequent reason for convening the Cortes. As the nobles and clergy were largely tax-exempt, setting taxation involved intensive negotiations between the royal council and the burgher delegates at the Cortes.

  7. Middle Ages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Ages

    Middle Ages c. AD 500 – 1500 A medieval stained glass panel from Canterbury Cathedral, c. 1175 – c. 1180, depicting the Parable of the Sower, a biblical narrative Including Early Middle Ages High Middle Ages Late Middle Ages Key events Fall of the Western Roman Empire Spread of Islam Treaty of Verdun East–West Schism Crusades Magna Carta Hundred Years' War Black Death Fall of ...

  8. Crown of Castile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_of_Castile

    The Crown of Castile [nb 1] was a medieval polity in the Iberian Peninsula that formed in 1230 as a result of the third and definitive union of the crowns and, some decades later, the parliaments of the kingdoms of Castile and León upon the accession of the then Castilian king, Ferdinand III, to the vacant Leonese throne.

  9. Spanish Civil War - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War

    The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: guerra civil española) [note 2] was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the left -leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic , and consisted of various socialist , communist , separatist , anarchist , and ...