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Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning ' in the same place ', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item. This is similar to idem, literally meaning ' the same ', abbreviated id., which is commonly used in legal ...
idem is a Latin term meaning "the same". It is commonly abbreviated as id., which is particularly used in legal citations to denote the previously cited source (compare ibid.). It is also used in academic citations to replace the name of a repeated author.
The easily confused idem (sometimes abbreviated id.), the Latin definitive pronoun meaning "the same" [5] is also used on occasion (especially in legal writing) within footnotes, and is a stand-in for the last-cited author, rather than title. [5] The Latin adverb supra, meaning "above", means simply "see above" and can therefore be somewhat ...
The abbreviation is used in citations. Not to be confused with id. id. idem "the same" (man) [1] It is used to avoid repeating the name of a male author (in citations, footnotes, bibliographies, etc.) When quoting a female author, use the corresponding feminine form, ead. , "the same" (woman). i.a. inter alia "among other things"
Footnotes; Footnotes with list-defined references; Shortened footnotes; Citations can also be placed as external links, but these are not preferred because they are prone to link rot and usually lack the full information necessary to find the original source in cases of link rot.
The long citation to support the shortened citations can either be placed as a bullet point in a separate References section after the Footnotes section; or it can be placed in the first footnote to cite the source (with the initial relevant page number[s]). The remaining footnotes will use shortened citations (these usually contain the author ...
Footnote ¤ Scarab (non-Unicode name) ('Scarab' is an informal name for the generic currency sign) § Section sign: section symbol, section mark, double-s, 'silcrow' Pilcrow; Semicolon: Colon ℠ Service mark symbol: Trademark symbol / Slash (non-Unicode name) Division sign, Forward Slash: also known as "stroke" / Solidus (the most common of ...
The easiest way to start citing on Wikipedia is to see a basic example. The example here will show you how to cite a newspaper article using the {{}} template (see Citation quick reference for other types of citations).