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Shanghai tram, 1920s. On 11 July 1854 a committee of Western businessmen met and held the first annual meeting of the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC, formally the Council for the Foreign Settlement North of the Yang-king-pang), ignoring protests of consular officials, and laid down the Land Regulations which established the principles of self-government.
On 20 November 1846, a formal concession was established; this was expanded on 27 November 1848. After a proposal to make Shanghai an independent "free city" was rejected in 1862, the British area agreed to merge with the American on 21 September 1863 as the Shanghai International Settlement. This occurred in December of the same year.
The British Supreme Court for China was abolished under the British–Chinese Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China. After the war, the Consulate-General returned to the site and remained until 1949 when Britain withdrew its consular staff with the communist occupation of Shanghai.
World War II would spell the end for the concessions in Tianjin, [29] as well as extraterritoriality as a whole. [30] While Japanese forces avoided attacking foreign concessions prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor, afterwards they invaded and occupied the Shanghai International Settlement and Hong Kong. [17] [31]
A map of the foreign concessions of Shanghai in 1855 (in red), overlaid (in green) with the contemporary street pattern in 1910. Shanghailanders [ n 1 ] were foreign – principally European and American – settlers in the extraterritorial areas of Shanghai , China , between the 1842 Treaty of Nanjing and the mid-20th century.
The Dàjìng Gé Pavilion wall, which is the only remaining part of the Old City of Shanghai wall The history of Shanghai spans over a thousand years and closely parallels the development of modern China. Originally a small agricultural village, Shanghai developed during the late Qing dynasty (1644–1912) as one of China's principal trading ports. Although nominally part of China, in practice ...
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The Battle of Muddy Flat, also called the Battle of Nicheng (泥城之戰) by the Chinese, was a small land/naval battle on the borders of the Shanghai Concession areas of what would later become the Shanghai International Settlement between a British, American, and Small Swords Society alliance and units of the Qing Imperial forces with a fleet of mercenary pirate allies on April 3–4, 1854. [1]