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xargs (short for "extended arguments") [1] is a command on Unix and most Unix-like operating systems used to build and execute commands from standard input. It converts input from standard input into arguments to a command. Some commands such as grep and awk can take input either as
In computing, tee is a command in command-line interpreters using standard streams which reads standard input and writes it to both standard output and one or more files, effectively duplicating its input. [1] It is primarily used in conjunction with pipes and filters. The command is named after the T-splitter used in plumbing. [2]
A command-line interface (CLI) is a means of interacting with a computer program by inputting lines of text called command lines. Command-line interfaces emerged in the mid-1960s, on computer terminals, as an interactive and more user-friendly alternative to the non-interactive interface available with punched cards.
Putting the facility into the system gives the following benefits. 1) It makes shell scripts more like real executable files, because they can be the subject of 'exec.' 2) If you do a 'ps' while such a command is running, its real name appears instead of 'sh'. Likewise, accounting is done on the basis of the real name.
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In computing, more is a command to view (but not modify) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. It is available on Unix and Unix-like systems, DOS, [3] Digital Research FlexOS, [4] IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, [5] IBM OS/2, [6] Microsoft Windows and ReactOS. [7]
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After authentication, and if the configuration file permits the user access, the system invokes the requested command. sudo retains the user's invocation rights through a grace period (typically 5 minutes) per pseudo terminal, allowing the user to execute several successive commands as the requested user without having to provide a password again.